What is the impact resistance performance of laminated glass
Information summary：The impact resistance of laminated glass is outstanding among various types of glass, especially in resisting external impact and reducing the risk of splashing after breakage. It is one of the mainstream choices for building safety glass. The following provides a detailed explanation of the impact resistance principle, performance characteristics, influencing factors, and application scenarios:
The impact resistance of laminated glass is outstanding among various types of glass, especially in resisting external impact and reducing the risk of splashing after breakage. It is one of the mainstream choices for building safety glass. The following provides a detailed explanation of the impact resistance principle, performance characteristics, influencing factors, and application scenarios:
1、 Principle of impact resistance
Laminated glass is made by bonding two or more pieces of glass through an intermediate organic film (such as PVB, SGP, EVA, etc.) at high temperature and high pressure. The core of its impact resistance lies in the "bonding and buffering" effect of the intermediate film:
When external forces (such as impact or throwing objects) act on the surface of glass, the outer layer of glass may break, but the middle film will absorb some of the impact force through elastic deformation and disperse the force throughout the entire glass to avoid complete instantaneous breakage.
Even if the glass breaks, the fragments will be firmly adhered by the intermediate film, forming a "spider web" or "crack like" shape, and will not scatter and splash like ordinary glass, thereby reducing harm to the human body.
2、 Core characteristics of impact resistance performance
1. Strong ability to withstand moderate impact force
For unexpected impacts in daily life (such as ball impacts, hard object throwing), minor typhoons or hail, ordinary laminated glass (such as 5mm glass+0.76mm PVB+5mm glass) can effectively resist them. The glass may crack but will not shatter as a whole.
2. Protection in high impact scenarios
Faced with strong impact forces such as hail, low-speed vehicle collisions, and violent damage, laminated glass has significantly better impact resistance than single-layer glass and ordinary insulated glass. For example, the impact strength of 0.76mm PVB laminated glass is about 5-10 times that of single-layer glass of the same thickness.
Specially designed thick film laminated glass (such as 1.52mm PVB) or SGP film laminated glass can withstand higher strength impacts (such as high-speed flying objects, crushed stones in typhoons), and even maintain overall structural integrity after glass breakage, serving as a "protective barrier".
3. Excellent penetration resistance
The anti penetration ability of laminated glass is its core safety indicator. According to relevant standards (such as GB 15763.3), qualified laminated glass shall not be penetrated by steel balls after being subjected to specified weight and height impacts, and fragments shall not fall off after breakage. For example, laminated glass used for building exterior windows can usually withstand the impact of steel balls weighing over 50kg falling from a height of 1-2 meters without affecting.
3、 Key factors affecting impact resistance performance
1. Material and thickness of the intermediate film
texture of material:
PVB film: With good toughness and strong adhesion, it is the most commonly used impact resistant film that can effectively absorb impact forces and bond fragments.
SGP film: Its hardness and strength are much higher than PVB, and its impact resistance and tear resistance are better (about 3-5 times that of PVB). It can maintain its shape even if the glass breaks, making it suitable for high safety scenarios such as banks and airports.
EVA film: slightly inferior in adhesion to PVB, with moderate impact resistance, often used in low-temperature or special process scenarios.
Thickness: The thicker the film (e.g. 0.38mm → 0.76mm → 1.52mm), the stronger its impact resistance and penetration resistance. For example, laminated glass with 1.52mm PVB film has an impact resistance improvement of about 30% -50% compared to 0.76mm.
2. Thickness and number of layers of glass
The increase in glass thickness (such as 5mm → 8mm → 12mm) enhances the initial strength of impact resistance, enabling better resistance to direct external impacts.
Multi layer sandwich structures (such as three pieces of glass and two layers of film) have stronger impact resistance than double-layer structures and are suitable for extreme scenarios such as high-rise buildings and typhoon prone areas.
3. Bonding strength between glass and film
The stronger the bond between the intermediate film and the glass (depending on the temperature and pressure control during production), the less likely the fragments are to fall off after breakage, and the better the overall stability of impact resistance. Poor quality laminated glass may cause fragments to fall off and lose its protective function due to poor bonding.
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