What is the penetration resistance of laminated glass
Information summary：The penetration resistance of laminated glass is much better than that of ordinary single piece glass. The core relies on the bonding and buffering effect of the intermediate interlayer film, making it the core safety glass in the fields of security, construction, and transportation. Its penetration resistance has clear grading standards and is significantly affected by material and structure. The
The penetration resistance of laminated glass is much better than that of ordinary single piece glass. The core relies on the bonding and buffering effect of the intermediate interlayer film, making it the core safety glass in the fields of security, construction, and transportation. Its penetration resistance has clear grading standards and is significantly affected by material and structure. The specific details are as follows:
1、 The core principle of the penetration resistance of laminated glass (why it is not easy to penetrate)
Laminated glass is composed of two or more pieces of glass and an intermediate organic interlayer film (PVB/EVA/SGP, etc.) that is high-temperature and high-pressure composite. The core advantage of its penetration resistance relies entirely on the support of the interlayer film and composite structure, which distinguishes it from the defect of ordinary glass that "shatters upon impact and splashes of fragments penetrate":
Adhesive buffering of interlayer film: The interlayer film in the middle has high toughness and adhesive strength. When it is impacted, it absorbs the impact energy first to prevent the glass from exploding instantly; Even if the outer layer of the glass is broken, the fragments will firmly adhere to the interlayer film and will not fall off or penetrate, forming a good protective effect.
Multi layer structure disperses stress: The composite structure of multi-layer glass and interlayer film can disperse single point impact force to the entire glass surface, reduce local stress concentration, delay glass cracking speed, and further improve penetration resistance.
Special film material for enhanced protection: High strength interlayer film (such as SGP film) has more than 5 times the toughness of ordinary PVB film, and is not easily broken when subjected to strong impact. It can firmly hold broken glass and prevent external forces from penetrating.
2、 Classification of penetration resistance of laminated glass (clear standards, correct determination of protection level)
According to GB 15763.3-2009 Safety Glass for Building Use Part 3: Laminated Glass, the anti penetration performance is classified domestically. The core is determined based on the impact height and weight of the impact object, and is suitable for different protection needs scenarios. The classification is clear and can be implemented:
1. Basic protection level (ordinary civilian)
Judgment criteria: Use a 10kg steel ball to freely fall from a height of 1.2m and impact the center of the glass. The glass does not break or breaks but does not penetrate, and the interlayer film does not break
Core features: Resistant to mild impact, resist daily bumps, and small debris impacts
Adaptation scenarios: Building doors and windows, indoor partitions, ordinary balcony guardrail glass
2. Medium protection level (civil security)
Judgment criteria: When a 10kg steel ball is impacted from a height of 2.0-3.0m, the glass is broken but the interlayer film is intact, with no fragments falling off or penetrating marks
Core features: Resistance to moderate impact, withstanding high-altitude falling objects and intentional mild external impacts
Applicable scenarios: exterior windows of high-rise residential buildings, doors and windows of street facing shops, and glass on sunroof roofs
3. High protection level (professional security)
Judgment criteria: When a 10kg steel ball is impacted from a height of 4.0-6.0m or forcefully struck with a sharp object (such as a hammer), the interlayer film remains intact without any possibility of penetration
Core features: Resistance to strong impact, resistance to sharp punctures, and some can resist damage from small instruments
Applicable scenarios: bank counters, jewelry store windows, villa anti-theft doors and windows, prison partition glass
4. Special protection level (special protection)
Judgment criteria: Resist the impact of heavy objects such as bricks, sticks, etc., and even partially resist low-speed projectiles, meeting the special security standards
Core features: penetration resistance+impact resistance, full protection performance
Applicable scenarios: bulletproof glass, explosion-proof glass, anti-terrorism security partitions, important venue protective glass
3、 Key factors affecting the penetration resistance of laminated glass (core reference for product selection)
Both are laminated glass, with significant differences in penetration resistance. The core is influenced by three major factors, and targeted screening can be conducted when selecting products:
1. Material of interlayer membrane (core influencing factors)
Ordinary PVB film: high cost-effectiveness, moderate toughness, suitable for basic protection scenarios, and penetration resistance meets the conventional needs of civilian use;
SGP (Ionic Intermediate Membrane): High toughness, high tear resistance, penetration resistance 5-8 times higher than PVB membrane, high temperature and moisture resistance, suitable for high protection requirements;
EVA film: focuses on weather resistance, slightly inferior in penetration resistance to PVB, suitable for outdoor low impact scenarios (such as skylights);
Bulletproof special film: high-strength special film, multi-layer composite, can resist bullet penetration, suitable for special security scenarios.
2. Number and thickness of glass layers
The more layers there are, the stronger the penetration resistance: double-layer<three-layer<multi-layer composite, three-layer laminated glass can greatly disperse impact force, and the penetration resistance is improved by 30% -50% compared to double-layer;
The thicker the glass, the better the protection: Under the same layer, 8mm+8mm laminated glass has more than 40% higher penetration resistance than 5mm+5mm. Thick glass can buffer most of the impact force first and reduce the pressure on the laminated film.
3. Type of glass original sheet
Tempered laminated glass: The strength of the tempered glass sheet is 3-5 times that of ordinary glass, and it breaks into small particles. When combined with a laminated film, its penetration resistance is increased by more than 60% compared to ordinary laminated glass, making it the mainstream choice;
Bulletproof glass (special interlayer): Made of high-strength tempered glass and multi-layer special film composite, it can resist different grades of projectiles and has the strongest penetration resistance, but the cost is relatively high.
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